The U.S. Steel Tower, also known as the USX Tower from 1988 to 2001, is a landmark skyscraper that defines the Pittsburgh skyline. Standing tall at 841 feet (256 meters), this iconic structure has been the tallest building in Pittsburgh since its completion in 1970.
For skyscraper lovers and architecture enthusiasts, the U.S. Steel Tower is a must-know building. With its triangular design, innovative use of materials, and rich history, it continues to captivate visitors and locals alike.
In this post, we’ll dive deep into the U.S. Steel Tower’s history, architecture, features, and its role in shaping Pittsburgh’s identity.
Overview of the U.S. Steel Tower
The U.S. Steel Tower is a commercial office building located at 600 Grant Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was constructed as the headquarters for U.S. Steel Corporation, one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world.
The building’s unique triangular shape, rust-colored facade, and Cor-Ten steel construction make it a standout among Pittsburgh’s skyscrapers. Its massive size, both in height and floor area, reflects the industrial strength and legacy of Pittsburgh as the Steel City.
Here’s a quick look at its general details:
| Feature | Details |
| Name | U.S. Steel Tower (formerly USX Tower) |
| Location | 600 Grant Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
| Height | 841 feet (256 meters) |
| Floors | 64 |
| Floor Area | 2,336,253 sq ft (217,045 m²) |
| Construction Started | March 15, 1967 |
| Completed | 1970 |
| Opening | September 30, 1971 |
| Cost | $50 million+ (equivalent to $484.6 million today) |
| Owner | The 601W Companies |
| Architect | Harrison, Abramovitz & Abbe |
Architectural Design and Features
The U.S. Steel Tower is a masterpiece of modernist architecture. It was designed by the renowned architectural firm Harrison, Abramovitz & Abbe and engineered by Leslie E. Robertson Associates.
Unique Design
- The building has a triangular footprint with indented corners, giving it a distinctive appearance.
- Its flat roof spans one acre and was previously used as a heliport.
- The triangular design maximizes interior space while ensuring structural stability.
Materials and Innovations
- The tower is constructed using 44,000 tons of Cor-Ten steel, a material that weathers over time to form a rust-like protective coat.
- It was the first building to feature liquid-filled fireproofed columns, an innovation in fire safety.
- The use of Cor-Ten steel reflects Pittsburgh’s industrial heritage and the dominance of the steel industry during the 20th century.
Interior Features
- The building has 54 elevators, including passenger, freight, and private elevators, organized into six banks for efficient transportation.
- With over 2.3 million square feet of floor area, it provides ample space for offices, retail, and other uses.
Historical Significance
The U.S. Steel Tower holds a special place in Pittsburgh’s history and the evolution of skyscrapers in the United States.
Tallest Building in Pittsburgh
- Since its completion in 1970, it has been the tallest building in Pittsburgh.
- It was also the tallest building in Pennsylvania until 1987, when it was surpassed by One Liberty Place in Philadelphia.
Former Headquarters
- Initially built as the headquarters for U.S. Steel Corporation, the building symbolized Pittsburgh’s identity as the Steel City.
- It also served as the headquarters for Rockwell International and later became home to UPMC (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), which leases 500,000 square feet of space.
Cultural and Pop Culture Presence
- The tower has appeared in several movies, including The Dark Knight Rises, Dogma, and Jack Reacher.
- It’s also featured in video games like Fallout 3 (The Pitt) and The Last of Us.
Key Features and Sustainability
The U.S. Steel Tower is not just a historical landmark; it’s also a modern building with sustainable features.
Sustainability Efforts
- In 2019, the building achieved LEED Silver Certification for Existing Buildings: Operations + Maintenance.
- Its fireproof liquid-filled columns and durable Cor-Ten steel reduce maintenance costs and enhance longevity.
Notable Features
- The tower includes a plaza and fountain, which are popular gathering spots in downtown Pittsburgh.
- During the holiday season, it hosts the only authorized replica of the Vatican’s nativity scene.
Comparison with Other Tallest Buildings in Pittsburgh
The U.S. Steel Tower dominates Pittsburgh’s skyline, but how does it compare to other tall buildings in the city?
| Building | Height | Floors | Year Completed | Location |
| U.S. Steel Tower | 841 ft (256 m) | 64 | 1970 | 600 Grant Street |
| BNY Mellon Center | 725 ft (221 m) | 54 | 1983 | 500 Grant Street |
| PPG Place | 635 ft (194 m) | 40 | 1984 | 1 PPG Place |
The U.S. Steel Tower stands out not only for its height but also for its unique design and historical significance.
Fun Facts About the U.S. Steel Tower
- Material Innovation: The use of Cor-Ten steel was groundbreaking at the time, and the building’s rust-colored facade is a result of this material.
- Massive Roof: The flat roof spans one acre and was once used as a heliport.
- Triangular Shape: Its triangular design is not just aesthetic but also functional, maximizing floor space.
- Cultural Icon: It has appeared in movies, video games, and even hosted a fine dining restaurant called Top of the Triangle on the 62nd floor (closed in 2001).
Why Skyscraper Enthusiasts Love the U.S. Steel Tower
For skyscraper lovers, the U.S. Steel Tower is a treasure trove of architectural and historical significance.
- Its innovative use of materials and structural design make it a marvel of modern architecture.
- As the tallest building in Pittsburgh, it offers breathtaking views of the city and surrounding areas.
- The building’s rich history and cultural presence add to its allure.
Visiting the U.S. Steel Tower
The U.S. Steel Tower is located in the heart of downtown Pittsburgh, making it easily accessible.
Nearby Attractions
- Point State Park: A historic park with stunning views of the rivers.
- PNC Park: Home to the Pittsburgh Pirates.
- Andy Warhol Museum: A must-visit for art lovers.
Transportation and Accessibility
- The building is well-connected by public transit and has nearby parking options.
- Its plaza and surrounding areas are pedestrian-friendly, making it easy to explore.
Future of the U.S. Steel Tower
The U.S. Steel Tower continues to be a hub for business and culture in Pittsburgh.
- Corporate Hub: With major tenants like UPMC, it remains a center of economic activity.
- Preservation and Sustainability: Ongoing efforts to maintain and modernize the building ensure its relevance for years to come.
Conclusion
The U.S. Steel Tower is more than just a skyscraper. It’s a symbol of Pittsburgh’s industrial past, a marvel of modern architecture, and a cultural icon.
From its towering height to its innovative design, it stands as a testament to the city’s resilience and growth. For skyscraper enthusiasts and history buffs, the U.S. Steel Tower is a must-know landmark.